In chemical reactions, molecules transform from reactants into reaction products through a critical geometry called a transition state that lasts less than one millionth of one millionth of a second.

In 1965, scientists Robert Burns Woodward and Roald Hoffmann devised a set of rules to predict the outcome of electrocyclic reactions, an important class of reactions in organic chemistry. The ...

The photoinduced ring-opening of 1,3-cyclohexadiene is a prototypical electrocyclic reaction and also provides a model system for understanding photobiological vitamin D generation. Now, Wolf, Wang, ...

In chemical reactions, molecules proceed during their transformation from reactants into reaction products through a critical geometry. In chemistry, geometry refers to the arrangement of atoms in a ...