The quarks, antiquarks, and gluons of the standard model have a color charge, in addition to all the other properties like mass and electric charge that other particles and antiparticles possess. All ...

Electrons with 'colleagues'—other leptons—are one of many products of collisions observed in the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. According to theorists, some of these particles may be ...

For several decades, the Standard Model of Elementary Particles (SM) (Fig. 1) has provided a broadly accepted description of our Universe. On the other hand, there has been strong evidence that the ...

Going to smaller and smaller distance scales reveals more fundamental views of nature, which means if we can understand and describe the smallest scales, we can build our way to an understanding of ...

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In this video, we explore the Standard Model of particle physics, detailing the quantum field theories that describe fundamental particles and forces in the universe. Topics covered include: - ...

At the most fundamental level, matter is made up of two types of particles: leptons, such as the electron, and quarks, which combine to form protons, neutrons and other composite particles. Under the ...

Building experimental evidence suggests that the electron, muon and tau may feel different forces. When the tau lepton was discovered in the 1970s, it didn’t resolve any outstanding mysteries—it ...

“I was actually shaking,” said Mitesh Patel, a particle physicist at Imperial College, London, as he describes the moment he saw the results. “I realised this was probably the most exciting thing I’ve ...

The building blocks of matter that have been experimentally verified are the quarks and leptons described by the Standard Model. Since the discovery of the electron in 1897, physicists have identified ...

The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Electrons with 'colleagues' - other leptons - are one of many products of collisions observed in the LHCb experiment ...