With machine learning methods and an advanced technique called lattice light sheet microscopy (LLSM), scientists have now revealed structures on the surface of B cells that influence how those immune ...

Through a novel combination of machine learning and atomic force microscopy, researchers in China have unveiled the molecular ...

The migration of carbon atoms on the surface of the nanomaterial graphene was recently measured for the first time. Although the atoms move too swiftly to be directly observed with an electron ...

Definition: Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM), also known as Surface Potential Microscopy, is a cutting-edge scanning probe microscopy technique that measures the surface potential of materials at ...

There are various microscopies to monitor chemical processes on such surfaces -- they use, for example, ultraviolet light, X-rays or electrons. But no single method alone provides a complete picture.

Various microscopy techniques exist to monitor catalyzed chemical processes on such surfaces. They use, for example, ultraviolet light, X-rays or electrons. But no single method alone provides a ...

One has to look very closely to exactly understand what processes take place on the surfaces of catalysts. Solid catalysts are often finely structured materials made of tiny crystals. There are ...

Irregularities on a surface determine how rough it is. Surface roughness can be evaluated by visual appearances and tactile sensation and can be measured using a numerical scale. A surface condition ...

Scientists at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego, the J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) used tools of genetics research ...