Calculus of variations establishes a framework to determine the extrema of functionals—mappings from functions to real numbers—which has been pivotal in elucidating natural principles such as the ...

Calculus to the level of ODEs, partial derivative and multiple integrals, some knowledge of PDEs helpful but not essential. Students should have a certain comfort level with dealing with advanced ...

Lucas Downey is the co-founder of MoneyFlows, and an Investopedia Academy instructor. Dr. JeFreda R. Brown is a financial consultant, Certified Financial Education Instructor, and researcher who has ...

The Chicago Manual of Style is an American English style guide published by the University of Chicago Press. The Manual’s guidelines for publishing, style and usage, and citations and indexes—known as ...

I'm routinely surprised by just how much technology Apple has managed to pack into the iPhone that I can carry in the palm of my hand. What's even more surprising is that underneath the layers, ...

Each person's vulva looks different, and it's normal for them to vary in shape, color, and size. The inner lips and outer lips of the vulva can be different sizes and shapes, which is normal. Hormones ...