Astronomers have made a groundbreaking discovery on November 8, 2025, that challenges previous models of planetary water ...

When you buy through links on our articles, Future and its syndication partners may earn a commission. New model suggests an ocean of magma formed within the first few hundred million years of Earth's ...

Earth’s crust looks solid from the surface, but it is broken into a shifting mosaic of slabs that slowly rearrange oceans and ...

Astronomers now understand that water-rich planets can form internally, even close to stars. A new study reveals that high-pressure reactions between hydrogen and molten rock within sub-Neptunes ...

3.8 billion years ago, when the Earth’s temperature cooled down, rain fell for centuries. Oceans formed. Longer than human history, the creation of oceans—all this water that we can float on, fly over ...

Underwater volcanoes are powerful geological forces shaping our planet and oceans. These hidden giants form through tectonic activity and magma rising from Earth's depths. While most eruptions are ...

Researchers at KAUST have confirmed that the Red Sea once vanished entirely, turning into a barren salt desert before being suddenly flooded by waters from the Indian Ocean. The flood carved deep ...